T91 umuvuduko ukabije wibyuma byujuje ubuziranenge
Ibyuma bya T91 ni ubwoko bushya bwibyuma birwanya ubushyuhe bwa martensitike byakozwe na laboratoire yo muri Amerika y’inzovu y’inzovu na Laboratoire ya Metallurgical Materials Laboratwari y’isosiyete ikora amashyanyarazi yo muri Amerika. Hashingiwe ku byuma 9Cr1MoV, bigabanya ibirimo karubone, bigabanya cyane ibirimo sulfure na fosifore, kandi bikongeramo bike bya vanadium na niobium yo kuvanga.
Icyiciro cyicyuma cya T91 umuyoboro wicyuma udafite icyerekezo gihuye nicyuma cya T91 ni x10crmovnnb91 mubudage, hcm95 mubuyapani na tuz10cdvnb0901 mubufaransa.
Ibirimo
S ≤0.01
Si 0.20-0.50
Cr 8.00-9.50
Mo 0.85-1.05
V 0.18-0.25
Nb 0.06-0.10
N 0.03-0.07
Ni ≤0.40
Buri kintu cyose kivanze muri T91 Icyuma kigira uruhare runini rwo gushimangira igisubizo, gushimangira gukwirakwiza no kunoza okiside no kurwanya ruswa. Isesengura ryihariye nuburyo bukurikira.
①Carbone nikintu kigaragara cyigisubizo gikomeye gishimangira ibyuma. Hamwe no kwiyongera kwa karubone, imbaraga zigihe gito zicyuma ziriyongera kandi plastike nubukomezi bigabanuka. Ku byuma bya martensitike nka T91, kwiyongera kwa karubone bizihutisha spheroidisation no kwegeranya karbide, kwihutisha isaranganya ryibintu bivangwa no kugabanya gusudira, kurwanya ruswa no kurwanya okiside yicyuma. Kubwibyo, ibyuma birwanya ubushyuhe muri rusange bifuza kugabanya ibirimo karubone, Nyamara, niba ibirimo karubone ari bike cyane, imbaraga zicyuma zizagabanuka. Ugereranije nicyuma cya 12Cr1MoV, karubone yibyuma bya T91 yagabanutseho 20%, bigenwa no gusuzuma byimazeyo ingaruka zibi bintu byavuzwe haruguru.
②Ibyuma bya T91 birimo azote, kandi uruhare rwa azote rugaragarira mubice bibiri. Ku ruhande rumwe, igira uruhare rwo gukemura igisubizo gikomeye. Ubushobozi bwa azote mubyuma mubushyuhe bwicyumba ni bito cyane. Muburyo bwo gusudira ubushyuhe no gutunganya ubushyuhe bwo gusudira, VN igisubizo gikomeye nigikorwa cyimvura bizagenda bikurikirana muri post weld ubushyuhe bwibasiwe na T91 Icyuma: imiterere ya austenitike ikorerwa muri zone yibasiwe nubushyuhe mugihe cyo gusudira byongera azote bitewe na azote bitewe iseswa rya VN, hanyuma urwego rwa supersaturation mumiterere yubushyuhe busanzwe bwiyongera, Mugihe gikurikiraho nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe bwa weld, hari imvura nziza ya VN, yongerera imbaraga za microstructure kandi ikazamura imbaraga zirambye zubushuhe bwibasiwe nubushyuhe. Kurundi ruhande, ibyuma bya T91 nabyo birimo umubare muto wa A1. Azote irashobora gukora A1N hamwe nayo. A1N isesekara muri matrix gusa iyo iri hejuru ya 1100 ℃ ikongera ikagwa ku bushyuhe buke, bushobora kugira ingaruka nziza yo gukwirakwiza.
③Ongeramo chromium ahanini ni ukunoza okiside no kurwanya ruswa yibyuma bitarwanya ubushyuhe. Iyo ibirimo bya chromium bitarenze 5%, bitangira okiside bikabije kuri 600 ℃, mugihe iyo chromium igera kuri 5%, iba ifite imbaraga zo kurwanya okiside. 12Cr1MoV ibyuma bifite imbaraga zo kurwanya okiside munsi ya 580 and, kandi ubujyakuzimu bwa ruswa ni 0,05 mm / A. kuri 600 ℃, imikorere itangira kwangirika, kandi ubujyakuzimu bwa 0.13 mm / A. Chromium iri muri T91 irashobora kwiyongera kugeza kuri hafi 9% n'ubushyuhe bwa serivisi burashobora kugera kuri 650 ℃. Igipimo nyamukuru nugushonga chromium nyinshi muri matrix.
④Vanadium na niobium nibintu bikomeye bya karbide. Nyuma yinyongera, zirashobora gukora karbide nziza kandi ihamye hamwe na karubone, ifite imbaraga zo gukwirakwiza imbaraga.
⑤ Molybdenum yongeweho cyane cyane kugirango yongere imbaraga zumuriro wibyuma kandi igire uruhare mugukomeza igisubizo gikomeye.
Ubushyuhe bwa nyuma bwo kuvura T91 nibisanzwe + ubushyuhe bwo hejuru. Ubushyuhe busanzwe ni 1040 ℃, igihe cyo gufata ntikiri munsi yiminota 10, ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe ni 730 ~ 780 and, kandi igihe cyo gufata ntikiri munsi ya 1 h. Microstructure nyuma yo kuvura ubushyuhe bwa nyuma irangwa na martensite.
Imbaraga zingana zicyuma cya T91 mubushyuhe bwicyumba ≥ 585 MPa, gutanga imbaraga mubushyuhe bwicyumba ≥ 415 MPa, ubukana ≤ 250 Hb, kuramba (icyitegererezo cyizunguruka gifite intera ya mm 50 intera) ≥ 20%, agaciro gashobora guhangayikishwa [σ] 650 ℃ = 30 MPa.
Dukurikije formulaire ya karubone ihwanye na societe mpuzamahanga yo gusudira, karubone ihwanye na T91 ni
Birashobora kugaragara ko T91 ifite gusudira nabi.
Ibyuma bya T91 bifite imyumvire myinshi yo gukonja kandi bikunda gutinda gucika mubihe bimwe. Kubwibyo, gusudira hamwe bigomba guhindurwa mugihe cyamasaha 24 nyuma yo gusudira. Microstructure ya T91 nyuma yo gusudira ni plaque na strip martensite, ishobora guhindurwa mo martensite ituje nyuma yubushyuhe, kandi imitungo yayo iruta plaque na strip martensite. Iyo ubushyuhe bwo hasi buri hasi, ingaruka zubushyuhe ntizigaragara, kandi icyuma gisudira cyoroshye gusaza no kwinjiza; Niba ubushyuhe bwubushyuhe buri hejuru cyane (burenze umurongo wa AC1), ingingo irashobora kongera guhindurwa kandi igakomeza gukomera mugihe gikonje gikurikiraho. Muri icyo gihe, nkuko byavuzwe haruguru muri iyi nyandiko, hagomba gutekerezwa ingaruka ziterwa no koroshya ingingo. Muri rusange, ubushyuhe bwa T91 ni 730 ~ 780 ℃.
Ubushyuhe burigihe burigihe cya T91 nyuma yo gusudira ntigomba kuba munsi ya 1 h, kugirango harebwe uburyo bwuzuye bwimiterere yabyo muri martensite.
Kugirango ugabanye imbaraga zisigaye za T91 ibyuma bisudira hamwe, igipimo cyo gukonjesha kigomba kugenzurwa munsi ya 5 ℃ / min. Uburyo bwo gusudira ibyuma bya T91 birashobora kugaragara ku gishushanyo cya 3.
Shyushya 200 ~ 250 ℃; Eld Gusudira, ubushyuhe hagati ya 200 ~ 300 ℃; Gukonjesha nyuma yo gusudira, hamwe n'umuvuduko wa 80 ~ 100 ℃ / h; ④ 100 ~ 150 ℃ kuri 1 h; Ubushyuhe kuri 730 ~ 780 ℃ kuri 1 h; Cool ku gipimo kitarenze 5 ℃ / min.
T91 Icyuma gishingiye ku ihame ryo kuvanga, cyane cyane kongeramo agace gato k'ibintu nka niobium na vanadium. Imbaraga zubushyuhe bwo hejuru hamwe na okiside irwanya imbaraga cyane ugereranije nicyuma cya cr1mov 12, ariko imikorere yacyo yo gusudira ni mibi.
Ikizamini cya pin cyerekana ko ibyuma bya T91 bifite imyumvire myinshi yo gukonja. Guhitamo ubushyuhe 200 ~ 250 ℃ hamwe nubushyuhe bwa interlayer 200 ~ 300 ℃ birashobora gukumira neza ubukonje.
T91 igomba gukonjeshwa kugeza 100 ~ 150 ℃ kuri 1 h mbere yo kuvura ubushyuhe bwa post weld; Ubushyuhe 730 ~ 780 ℃, gufata igihe kitari munsi ya 1 h.
Igikorwa cyo gusudira cyavuzwe haruguru cyakoreshejwe mubikorwa byo gukora no kubyaza umusaruro MW 200 MW na 300 MW, hamwe nibisubizo bishimishije ninyungu zikomeye zubukungu.
