Uruganda rukomeye rufite uruzitiro rukora imiyoboro
Nkuko izina ribigaragaza, umuyoboro wa kare ni ubwoko bwa kare kare. Ibikoresho byinshi birashobora gukora umubiri wa kare. Byakoreshejwe intego niyihe. Imiyoboro myinshi ya kare ni imiyoboro y'ibyuma. Nyuma yo gupakurura, kuringaniza, gusya no gusudira, bakora imiyoboro izengurutse, izunguruka mu miyoboro ya kare, hanyuma igabanywa mu burebure busabwa. Mubisanzwe, hari pake ya kare 50 kuri buri paki. Kubireba ikibanza, igituba kinini cya kare kiri mubisobanuro binini, kuva kuri 10 * 10 * 0.8-1.5 kugeza 500 * 500 * 10-25. Imiyoboro ya kare ikoreshwa mubyuma byubatswe byubatswe, ibishushanyo mbonera bya kare, kubaka igituba kare, imashini ya kare, nibindi.
Umuyoboro muremure wubatswe ni ubwoko bwurumuri rwijimye ruzengurutswe nicyuma cya kare, kizwi kandi nkicyuma gikonjesha. Nigice cyicyuma gifite igice cya kare gifite ubunini nubunini, bikozwe muri Q235 bishyushye cyangwa bikonje bikonje cyangwa coil nkibikoresho fatizo, kugonda ubukonje no gusudira cyane. Usibye kubyimbye kwubugari bwurukuta, ingano yimfuruka nuburinganire bwuruzitiro rushyushye ruzengurutswe rwinshi rwurukuta rwumuringa rugera cyangwa rukarenga urwego rwurwanya rwo gusudira imbeho ikonje.
Umuyoboro wa kaburimbo wimbitse ukoreshwa mubwubatsi, gukora imashini, imishinga yo kubaka ibyuma nicyuma, kubaka ubwato, amashanyarazi akomoka ku mirasire y'izuba, ubwubatsi bw'ibyuma, ubwubatsi bw'amashanyarazi, uruganda rukora amashanyarazi, imashini zikoreshwa mu buhinzi n’imiti, urukuta rw'imyenda y'ibirahure, chassis y'imodoka, ibibuga by'indege, ibyuka kubaka, gariyamoshi, kubaka amazu, bisa na kare kare, nibindi.
Gutondekanya ibyumba binini bikikijwe no gutunganya umusaruro
Ukurikije uburyo bwo kubyaza umusaruro, umuyoboro wimbitse wurukuta ugabanijwemo umuyonga ushyushye wuzuye urukuta rwa kare, umuyoboro ukonje ukonje wuzuye urukuta rwa kare, washyizwemo umuyoboro wuzuye wurukuta hamwe numuyoboro wa kare.
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Imiyoboro ya kare igabanijwemo ibyuma bisanzwe bya karubone hamwe na tariyeri ntoya ya kare ukurikije ibikoresho. Ibyuma bisanzwe bya karubone bigabanyijemo: Q195, Q215, Q235, SS400, 20 # ibyuma, 45 # ibyuma, nibindi; Ibyuma bito bivanze bigabanijwemo Q345, 16Mn, Q390, St52-3, nibindi.
Imiyoboro ya kare igabanyijemo ibice bisanzwe byigihugu, Ubuyapani busanzwe bwa kare kare, igituba gisanzwe cyabongereza, igituba gisanzwe cyabanyamerika, igituba gisanzwe cya Burayi hamwe nigituba kidasanzwe gisanzwe ukurikije ibipimo by’umusaruro.
Imiyoboro ya kare yashyizwe muburyo ukurikije igice:
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Ukurikije uburyo bwo kuvura hejuru, umuyoboro wuzuye wurukuta rugabanijwemo: urukuta rwinshi rushyushye-dip galvanised umuyoboro wa kare, urukuta runini rwa electro galvanised umuyoboro wa kare, urukuta runini rwasizwe amavuta ya kaburimbo hamwe nurukuta runini rwuzuye umuyoboro wa kare
Umuyoboro wa kaburimbo wimbitse ushyizwe mubikorwa ukurikije imikoreshereze yabyo - igituba cya kare cyo gushushanya, imiyoboro ya kare kubikoresho byimashini zikoreshwa, imashini ya kare yinganda zikora imashini, imiyoboro ya kare yinganda zikora imiti, imiyoboro ya kare yububiko bwibyuma, imiyoboro ya kare yo kubaka ubwato, imiyoboro ya kare kubinyabiziga , kare kare kubiti byinkingi ninkingi, hamwe na kare kare kubintu byihariye
Imiyoboro ya kare igizwe nuburebure bwurukuta - urukuta rwinshi rwurukuta rwa kare, igitereko cyurukuta runini hamwe nigitereko cyoroshye
Ibipimo byo kubara ibiro byumubyimba wuzuye uruzitiro: 4 * uburebure bwurukuta * (uburebure bwurukuta rwuruhande) * 7.85
Kubara formula yuburemere bwurukiramende: {(perimetero ÷ 3.14) - uburebure bwurukuta} * uburebure bwurukuta * 0.02466
Ibisobanuro ntarengwa byerekana umurongo uringaniza urukiramende rwibikorwa bya Institute ni 500mm * 500mm * 19mm, nubwa kabiri kwisi. Umurongo munini wa santimetero 26 z'umurongo wa Nippon Steel ku isi ni 550mm * 550mm * 22mm. Kugeza ubu, ibisobanuro binini byerekana imiyoboro iringaniye mu bihugu by’Uburayi na Amerika ni 400 * 400 * 12.7mm.
Mu myaka yashize, hamwe n’ishoramari rya leta mu iyubakwa ry’imari, imishinga minini minini y’amakomine n’ubwubatsi hirya no hino mu gihugu yakoresheje uburyo bwo kubaka ibyuma. Bitewe nibyiza byo kugaragara neza, guhangayika gushyira mu gaciro hamwe no kuvura byoroheje byoroshye, umuyoboro munini wuburebure bwuruzitiro rwurukiramende rwurukiramende rukoreshwa cyane mukibuga cyindege cyubaka sisitemu ya Truss na sisitemu yo gushyigikira urukuta rwibibuga bya siporo hamwe n’amasezerano n’imurikagurisha ni byinshi ikoreshwa nk'abanyamuryango b'ibyuma. Ariko, mubikorwa bifatika, imiyoboro ya cyuma na urukiramende nayo ihura nibibazo bimwe na bimwe bigomba gukemurwa byihutirwa.
Mu rwego rwo kugabanya ibiro no kunoza imikorere y’umutekano nko kurwanya umutingito no kurwanya ingaruka, ibyuma bikomeye byakoreshejwe cyane mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yacyo, kandi imbaraga z’ibikoresho zigeze kuri 630mpa cyangwa zirenga. Imbaraga zingana zicyuma cyibanze cya kare hamwe nu muyoboro urukiramende rwakozwe nuburyo bushobora kugera kuri 630mpa, ukaza ku mwanya wa mbere kwisi ukurikije igipimo cyibicuruzwa. Imbaraga ntarengwa zibicuruzwa byumurongo wa Nippon Steel mu Buyapani ni 550MPa gusa, hamwe nibitandukaniro hafi 15%.
Umubyimba ntarengwa wa kare hamwe nuyoboro urukiramende rwakozwe nuburyo ni 19mm. Ubunini buhebuje ntibugaragarira gusa mubyimbye byuzuye, ahubwo no mububyimbye bugereranije bwibicuruzwa. Umubyimba ni indangagaciro yingenzi yingorabahizi yo gukonja. Umuyoboro wa kare ugaragazwa nuburinganire bwurugero. Kugeza ubu, muri rusange abantu bizera mu gihugu ndetse no hanze yarwo ko iyo igipimo cy’ubugari kiri munsi ya 10, ibicuruzwa bifite ingorane nyinshi zo gukora. Ku muyoboro wa kare na urukiramende rwakozwe nuburyo, igipimo cyubugari bwibicuruzwa bifite igice gito hamwe nubunini bwurukuta rushobora kugera kuri 7, nka 100mm * 100mm * 14mm, 120mm * 120mm * 16mm, nibindi.
Ubukonje bwubatswe nubunini bunini bwurukuta rwumuringa bukozwe muri B490RNQ ibyuma bishyushye byujujwe byuzuye kandi birenze ibisabwa byigihugu Q345B mubijyanye nubukanishi bwubushyuhe bwicyumba, imiterere yabyo no kuyitunganya bingana cyangwa biruta Q345B, kandi igipimo cy'umusaruro cyujuje ibisabwa bya seisimike yinganda zigihugu zubaka. Mugihe kimwe, imikorere yubushyuhe bwo hejuru iruta cyane Q345B kurwego rumwe. Kuri 600, imbaraga z'umusaruro wa B490RNQ ziguma kuri 310mpa, zikaba ziri hejuru ya 2/3 byubushyuhe bwicyumba cyo mucyumba, mugihe imbaraga zumusaruro wa Q345B hamwe nuburebure bwurukuta rurenze 8mm mubikorwa 500 biri munsi ya 2/3 cy'ubushyuhe bw'icyumba butanga imbaraga.
